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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1954 |
| | | The Battle of Dien Bien Phu ends with the surrender to the Vietminh of 12,000 French troops | |
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| 1954 |
| | | The French abandon Vietnam, leaving the country divided at the seventeenth parallel | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Politician and author Winston Churchill completes his six-volume history The Second World War | |
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| 1954 |
| | | The US Supreme Court rules in Brown v. Board of Education that segregation in US schools is illegal | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Oxford medical student Roger Bannister runs the first four-minute mile, at the Iffley Road track | |
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| 1954 |
| | | George Cukor directs Judy Garland and James Mason in A Star Is Born | |
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| 1954 |
| | | An invasion of Guatemala from Honduras, with CIA support, brings to power a right-wing military junta | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Anglo-Irish novelist Iris Murdoch publishes her first novel, Under the Net | |
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| 1954 |
| | | George Grivas leads a guerrilla movement, EOKA, fighting for Cyprus's independence from Britain and union with Greece | |
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| 1954 |
| | | 19-year-old Françoise Sagan has a major international success with her first novel, Bonjour Tristesse | |
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| 1954 |
| | | US truck driver Elvis Presley makes his first commercial recordings, for Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee | |
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| 1954 |
| | | US choreographer Paul Taylor begins a long and fruitful collaboration with Robert Rauschenberg as his set designer | |
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| 1954 |
| | | In an armistice ending the Indochina War, France acknowledges the independence of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam | |
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| 1954 |
| | | 18-year-old English jockey Lester Piggott wins the first of a record nine Derbys | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Korean evangelist Sun Myung Moon launches the Unification Church, a mission to unify world Christianity | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Seventeen-year-old English footballer Bobby Charlton begins a 19-year career playing for Manchester United | |
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| 1954 |
| | | The country's president, Getúlio Vargas, commits suicide when the army in Brazil demands his resignation | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Federico Fellini directs La Strada ('The Road'), starring his wife, Giulietta Masina, and Antony Quinn | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Relations are normalized between West Germany and the USA, France and Britain, ending the postwar period of occupation | |
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| 1954 |
| | | A radical manifesto and acts of terrorism alert the world to the emergence of the FLN, committed to independence for Algeria | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Gamal Abd al-Nasser mounts another coup, this time against his colleague Mohammed Neguib, to make himself president of Egypt | |
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| 1954 |
| | | William Walton's opera Troilus and Cressida has its premiere at Covent Garden | |
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| 1954 |
| | | English author Kingsley Amis's first novel, Lucky Jim, strikes an anti-establishment chord | |
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| 1954 |
| | | William Golding gives a chilling account of schoolboy savagery in his first novel, Lord of the Flies | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Hancock's Half Hour, starring Tony Hancock, begins on BBC radio | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Nasser escapes an assassination attempt by the fundamentalist Muslim Brotherhood | |
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| 1954 |
| | | Le Corbusier completes the reinforced-concrete pilgrimage church of Notre Dame du Haut at Ronchamp | |
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| 1955 |
| | | Michael Tippett's first opera, A Midsummer Marriage, has its premiere at Covent Garden | |
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| 1955 |
| | | Norodom Sihanouk abdicates as king of Cambodia and becomes the country's prime minister | |
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| 1955 |
| | | Swedish director Ingmar Bergman wins international fame with his film Smiles of a Summer Night | |
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| 1955 |
| | | Elia Kazan directs James Dean in East of Eden | |
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| 1955 |
| | | Richard Daley begins a powerful and often unscrupulous reign of 22 years as mayor of Chicago | |
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| 1955 |
| | | An armed uprising in Morocco persuades France to accept the principle of independence for the colony | |
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| 1955 |
| | | 81-year-old Winston Churchill resigns as Britain's prime minister and is succeeded by Anthony Eden | |
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| 1955 |
| | | The new UK prime minister, Anthony Eden, gives Harold Macmillan the post of foreign secretary | |
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| 1955 |
| | | Canadian pianist Glenn Gould wins international fame with his recording of Bach's Goldberg Variations | |
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